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The Stoker Company
The Stoker Company is a producer and applier of pesticides and a crop dusting loading facility, located in Imperial County, California, approximately 25 miles from the Mexican border. It is currently listed as a Superfund site because pesticides developed and used there are considered a human health hazard due to long-term exposure that may cause adverse health effects. Beginning in 1966, operations have caused on-site and off-site pesticide contamination to surface soil, water, and air.
== History ==
Stoker Company has supplied and applied pesticides since May 26, 1966. The Stoker Company sells, stores and applies pesticides using aircraft and ground equipment over a 26-acre site. Runoff from the cleaning of aircraft goes to underground concrete sumps located under each wash rack. Approximately once a week, the pesticide waters are pumped from the sumps into a mobile spray rig and sprayed onto a 15-20 acre plot on the Stoker site consisting of a dirt road leading to the airstrip.〔 During the 1960s and 1970s, Stoker released approximately 300 gallons of waste water per day, but the California Regional Water Quality Control Board recently estimated that this was reduced to 100 gallons.〔〔 The wash water has been determined to be non-hazardous.
On May 9, 1988 a pond located at a nearby residence near the site suffered a fish and bird kill.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.ehib.org/projects/StokerCompanyPPHA_010694.pdf )〕 Numerous dead fish (shad and catfish) and ten dead birds (Snowy Egrets) were found around the perimeter of the pond.〔 Upon necropsy, the California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG) determined the fish tissue was contaminated by high levels of several different pesticides.〔 The CDFG analyzed the pond and concluded that high winds blew pesticides from the Stoker airplane cleaning activities into the pond. 〔 After the discovery of dead birds and fish, the pond was closed to public activities due to the belief of contamination. Later in 1988, an on-site warehouse that contained pesticide supplies caught fire and burned to the ground.〔 The fire started in the east end of the warehouse where sulfur and diatomaceous clays were stored. 〔 To avoid health risks, businesses and residences within a 2-mile radius were evacuated. During the fire, approximately 300 tons of soil were contaminated and later disposed of in a landfill regulated under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA).〔
Throughout 1988 to 1989, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) investigations found numerous pesticides in on-site soil, the nearby canal and pond, and air measurements. 〔〔 Later in 1989, Stoker submitted a closure plan for the land treatment unit. Stoker later reconsidered these actions and still continues to spray wash waters on-site.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/nar1299.htm )〕 In July 1991, EPA placed the Stoker Company site on the National Priorities List of hazardous waste sites after testing showed that the disposal of pesticides on-site was contaminating on-site surface soil, which was then being relocated to off-site air, soil, and surface water.〔 In 1993, the EPA reevaluated the site and determined that they did not need to perform further actions during that time.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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